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Over the years, Kyrgyzstan has received funding from a variety of multilateral and bilateral agencies, including the World Bank, the World Health Organization, Soros Foundation-Kyrgyzstan and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Worryingly, several major state agencies exhibited some resistance or lack of initiative towards HIV/AIDS policies, often prompting international agencies and local NGOs to conceptualize and drive appropriate policies.

The United Nations Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) estimated that in 2011 there were around 12,000 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Kyrgyzstan, equivalent to an HIV prevalence rate of 0.4% among those aged 15–49 years (UNAIDS 2013).

The populations most at-risk are injecting drug users, sex workers, men who have sex with men, prisoners, young people and migrants.

It maps all stakeholders relevant for HIV/AIDS policy-making in Kyrgyzstan and analyses their position and influence.

Understanding the complex relations at play in the policy process is vital not only for informing decision-makers and assisting the future design and implementation of effective and sustainable HIV/AIDS policies, but also for building consensus among national stakeholders and advocacy efforts in Kyrgyzstan.

Although many ministries and administrations develop and implement their own internal normative acts related to HIV/AIDS, the main programme that guides all major efforts and sets targets in the area of HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care is the State HIV/AIDS Programme (Aidarov 2007).